Glossary
Below you can find a list of terms found all throughout the website and their definitions.
You can use this for review for the final test on this website or for your own reference.
Acid-Base Indicator - a chemical dye whose color is affected by acidic and basic solutions
Acidic Solution - contains more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions with a pH below 7
Basic Solution - contains more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions with a pH above 7
Bronsted-Lowry Model - a model of acids and bases in which an acid is a hydrogen-ion donor and base is a hydrogen-ion acceptor
Buffer - a solution that resists change in pH when limited amounts of acid or base are added
Buffer Capacity - the amount of acid or base a buffer solution can absorb without a significant change in pH
Chemical Reaction - a process where the atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances
Concentration - a measure of how much solute is dissolved in a specific amount of solvent or solution
Conjugate Acid - what is produced when a base accepts a hydrogen ion from an acid
Conjugate Acid-Base Pair - a pair of two substances related to each other by the donating and accepting of one hydrogen ion
Conjugate Base - what is produced when an acid donates a hydrogen ion to a base
Electrolyte - an ionic compound whose aqueous solution conducts an electric current
Indicator - a compound that changes color at a specific pH value or in the presence of a particular substance and can be used to monitor acidity, alkalinity, or the progress of a reaction
Ion - an atom or bonded group of atoms with a positive or negative charge
Liquid - a form of matter that flows, has constant volume, and take the shape of its container
Mixture - a physical blend of two or more pure substances in any proportion in which each substance retains its individual properties and can be separated by physical means
Molarity - the number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution; also known as mole concentration
Mole - SI base unit that is used to measure the amount of substance; one mole is the amount of pure substance that contains 6.02 x 10^23 representative particles
Neutralization Reaction - a reaction where an acid and base react in an aqueous solution to produce salt and water
pH - the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution; acidic solutions have pH values between 0 and 7, basic solution have values between 7 and 14, and a pH of 7 is neutral
pOH - the negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration of a solution; a solution with a pOH between 7 and 14 is acidic, while a solution with a pOH between 0 and 7 is basic, and a solution with a pOH is neutral
Product - a substance formed during a chemical reaction
Reactant - the starting substance in a chemical reaction
Salt - an ionic compound made up of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid
Solubility - the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure
Solution - a uniform mixture that contains solids, liquids, or gases; also known as a homogeneous mixture
Strength - the ability for an acid or base to completely dissociate to form hydrogen and hydroxide ions, respectively
Strong Acid - an acid that ionizes completely in an aqueous solution
Strong Base - a base that dissociates entirely into metal ions and hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution
Substance - matter that has a definite composition; also known as a chemical
Theory - an explanation that is supported by many experiments; is still subject to new experimental date, can be modified, and is considered valid if it can be used to make predictions that are proven true.
Titrant - a solution of known concentration used to titrate a solution of unknown concentration; also known as the standard solution
Titration - a process where an acid-base neutralization reaction is used to determine the concentration of a solution of unknown concentration.
Weak Acid - an acid that ionizes only partially in a dilute aqueous solution
Weak Base - a base that ionizes only partially in a dilute aqueous solution to form the conjugate acid of the base and hydroxide ion
You can use this for review for the final test on this website or for your own reference.
Acid-Base Indicator - a chemical dye whose color is affected by acidic and basic solutions
Acidic Solution - contains more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions with a pH below 7
Basic Solution - contains more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions with a pH above 7
Bronsted-Lowry Model - a model of acids and bases in which an acid is a hydrogen-ion donor and base is a hydrogen-ion acceptor
Buffer - a solution that resists change in pH when limited amounts of acid or base are added
Buffer Capacity - the amount of acid or base a buffer solution can absorb without a significant change in pH
Chemical Reaction - a process where the atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances
Concentration - a measure of how much solute is dissolved in a specific amount of solvent or solution
Conjugate Acid - what is produced when a base accepts a hydrogen ion from an acid
Conjugate Acid-Base Pair - a pair of two substances related to each other by the donating and accepting of one hydrogen ion
Conjugate Base - what is produced when an acid donates a hydrogen ion to a base
Electrolyte - an ionic compound whose aqueous solution conducts an electric current
Indicator - a compound that changes color at a specific pH value or in the presence of a particular substance and can be used to monitor acidity, alkalinity, or the progress of a reaction
Ion - an atom or bonded group of atoms with a positive or negative charge
Liquid - a form of matter that flows, has constant volume, and take the shape of its container
Mixture - a physical blend of two or more pure substances in any proportion in which each substance retains its individual properties and can be separated by physical means
Molarity - the number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution; also known as mole concentration
Mole - SI base unit that is used to measure the amount of substance; one mole is the amount of pure substance that contains 6.02 x 10^23 representative particles
Neutralization Reaction - a reaction where an acid and base react in an aqueous solution to produce salt and water
pH - the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution; acidic solutions have pH values between 0 and 7, basic solution have values between 7 and 14, and a pH of 7 is neutral
pOH - the negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration of a solution; a solution with a pOH between 7 and 14 is acidic, while a solution with a pOH between 0 and 7 is basic, and a solution with a pOH is neutral
Product - a substance formed during a chemical reaction
Reactant - the starting substance in a chemical reaction
Salt - an ionic compound made up of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid
Solubility - the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure
Solution - a uniform mixture that contains solids, liquids, or gases; also known as a homogeneous mixture
Strength - the ability for an acid or base to completely dissociate to form hydrogen and hydroxide ions, respectively
Strong Acid - an acid that ionizes completely in an aqueous solution
Strong Base - a base that dissociates entirely into metal ions and hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution
Substance - matter that has a definite composition; also known as a chemical
Theory - an explanation that is supported by many experiments; is still subject to new experimental date, can be modified, and is considered valid if it can be used to make predictions that are proven true.
Titrant - a solution of known concentration used to titrate a solution of unknown concentration; also known as the standard solution
Titration - a process where an acid-base neutralization reaction is used to determine the concentration of a solution of unknown concentration.
Weak Acid - an acid that ionizes only partially in a dilute aqueous solution
Weak Base - a base that ionizes only partially in a dilute aqueous solution to form the conjugate acid of the base and hydroxide ion
